Postgenomic up-regulation of CCL3L1 expression in HTLV-2–infected persons curtails HIV-1 replication
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- Elisabetta Pilotti
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology, and Health Sciences, University of Parma, Italy;
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- Lisa Elviri
- Department of General Chemistry, University of Parma, Italy;
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- Elisa Vicenzi
- Viral Pathogens and Biosafety Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy;
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- Umberto Bertazzoni
- Department of Mother and Child, Biology and Genetic Section, University of Verona, Italy;
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- Maria Carla Re
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Microbiology Section, University of Bologna, Italy;
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- Sonia Allibardi
- Human Diagnostics Unit, Celbio, Milan, Italy;
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- Guido Poli
- AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy;
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- Claudio Casoli
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology, and Health Sciences, University of Parma, Italy;
抄録
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Leukocytes of persons coinfected with HTLV-2 and HIV-1 secrete chemokines that prevent CCR5-dependent (R5) HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T cells and macrophages, with HTLV-2–induced MIP-1α as dominant HIV-1 inhibitory molecule. Two nonallelic genes code for CCL3 and CCL3L1 isoforms of MIP-1α, and the population-specific copy number of CCL3L1 exerts a profound effect on HIV-1 susceptibility and disease progression. Here, we demonstrate that CCL3L1 is secreted spontaneously by leukocytes of HTLV-2–infected persons and superinduced when cells of HTLV-2/HIV-1 multiply exposed-uninfected seronegative (MEU) persons were stimulated with HIV-1 Env peptides. The CCL3L1 median copy number in MEU, HTLV-2/HIV-1–coinfected long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs) and HIV-1–monoinfected LTNPs were 1, 2, and 3, respectively. An increased CCL3L1/CCL3 mRNA ratio versus PHA-activated healthy leukocytes was observed in both HIV-1–monoinfected LTNPs and in HTLV-2/HIV-1MEU subjects. An additional potential correlate of HTLV-2 infection was a rapid and persistent leukocyte secretion of GM-CSF and IFN-γ, 2 cytokines endowed with CCR5 down-regulation capacity. This study confirms a crucial protective role of CCL3L1 from both HIV infection and disease progression, highlighting a previously not described functional up-regulation of this chemokine variant in both HIV-positive and -negative persons infected with HTLV-2.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Blood
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Blood 109 (5), 1850-1856, 2006-10-24
American Society of Hematology