Cytokines as adjuvants for avian vaccines

  • Manija Asif
    CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory Geelong Victoria Australia
  • Kristie A Jenkins
    CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory Geelong Victoria Australia
  • Louise S Hilton
    CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory Geelong Victoria Australia
  • Wayne G Kimpton
    Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
  • Andrew GD Bean
    CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory Geelong Victoria Australia
  • John W Lowenthal
    CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory Geelong Victoria Australia

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<jats:p>The worldwide trend towards a reduced reliance on in‐feed antibiotics has increased the pressure to develop alternative strategies to manage infectious diseases in poultry. With this in mind, there is a great emphasis on vaccine use and the enhancement of existing vaccines to provide long‐term protection. Currently existing adjuvants for poultry can have deleterious side‐effects, such as inflammation, resulting in the down‐grading of meat quality and a subsequent reduction in profits. Therefore, to enhance the use of vaccination, alternative adjuvants must be developed. The use of recombinant cytokines as adjuvants in poultry is attracting considerable attention, and their potential role as such has been addressed by several studies. The recent identification of a number of chicken cytokine genes has provided the possibility to study their effectiveness in enhancing the immune response during infection and vaccination. This review focuses on the recent studies involving the assessment of cytokines as vaccine adjuvants.</jats:p>

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