Fundamental Equations of State for Parahydrogen, Normal Hydrogen, and Orthohydrogen

  • J. W. Leachman
    University of Idaho Center for Applied Thermodynamic Studies (CATS), , Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA
  • R. T Jacobsen
    Idaho State University College of Engineering, , Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
  • S. G. Penoncello
    University of Idaho Center for Applied Thermodynamics Studies (CATS), , Moscow, Idaho 83844, USA
  • E. W. Lemmon
    National Institute of Standards and Technology Thermophysical Properties Division, , 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA

書誌事項

公開日
2009-09-01
DOI
  • 10.1063/1.3160306
公開者
AIP Publishing

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説明

<jats:p>If the potential for a boom in the global hydrogen economy is realized, there will be an increase in the need for accurate hydrogen thermodynamic property standards. Based on current and anticipated needs, new fundamental equations of state for parahydrogen, normal hydrogen, and orthohydrogen were developed to replace the existing property models. To accurately predict thermophysical properties near the critical region and in liquid states, the quantum law of corresponding states was applied to improve the normal hydrogen and orthohydrogen formulations in the absence of available experimental data. All three equations of state have the same maximum pressure of 2000MPa and upper temperature limit of 1000K. Uncertainty estimates in this paper can be considered to be estimates of a combined expanded uncertainty with a coverage factor of 2 for primary data sets. The uncertainty in density is 0.04% in the region between 250 and 450K and at pressures up to 300MPa. The uncertainties of vapor pressures and saturated liquid densities vary from 0.1% to 0.2%. Heat capacities are generally estimated to be accurate to within 1%, while speed-of-sound values are accurate to within 0.5% below 100MPa.</jats:p>

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