Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking and Nambu–Goldstone Bosons in Quantum Many-Body Systems
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- Tomáš Brauner
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
書誌事項
- 公開日
- 2010-04-07
- 権利情報
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- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
- DOI
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- 10.3390/sym2020609
- 公開者
- MDPI AG
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説明
<jats:p>Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a general principle that constitutes the underlying concept of a vast number of physical phenomena ranging from ferromagnetism and superconductivity in condensed matter physics to the Higgs mechanism in the standard model of elementary particles. I focus on manifestations of spontaneously broken symmetries in systems that are not Lorentz invariant, which include both nonrelativistic systems as well as relativistic systems at nonzero density, providing a self-contained review of the properties of spontaneously broken symmetries specific to such theories. Topics covered include: (i) Introduction to the mathematics of spontaneous symmetry breaking and the Goldstone theorem. (ii) Minimization of Higgs-type potentials for higher-dimensional representations. (iii) Counting rules for Nambu–Goldstone bosons and their dispersion relations. (iv) Construction of effective Lagrangians. Specific examples in both relativistic and nonrelativistic physics are worked out in detail.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Symmetry
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Symmetry 2 (2), 609-657, 2010-04-07
MDPI AG
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詳細情報 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1361699996354829440
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- ISSN
- 20738994
- https://id.crossref.org/issn/20738994
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- データソース種別
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- Crossref
