Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Pathophysiology

DOI Web Site 4 Citations
  • Anna L. Beale
    Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.L.B., T.H.M., D.M.K.).
  • Philippe Meyer
    Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.L.B., D.M.K.).
  • Thomas H. Marwick
    Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.L.B., T.H.M., D.M.K.).
  • Carolyn S.P. Lam
    National Heart Centre Singapore (C.S.P.L.).
  • David M. Kaye
    Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.L.B., T.H.M., D.M.K.).

Bibliographic Information

Other Title
  • Why Women Are Overrepresented in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Description

<jats:p>Consistent epidemiological data demonstrate that patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are more likely to be women than men. Exploring mechanisms behind this sex difference in heart failure epidemiology may enrich the understanding of underlying HFpEF pathophysiology and phenotypes, with the ultimate goal of identifying therapeutic approaches for the broader HFpEF population. In this review we evaluate the influence of sex on the key domains of cardiac structure and function, the systemic and pulmonary circulation, as well as extracardiac factors and comorbidities that may explain the predisposition of women to HFpEF. We highlight the potential role of factors exclusive to or more prevalent in women such as pregnancy, preeclampsia, and iron deficiency. Finally, we discuss existing controversies and gaps in knowledge, as well as the clinical importance of known sex differences in the context of the potential need for sex-specific diagnostic criteria, improved risk stratification models, and targeted therapies.</jats:p>

Journal

  • Circulation

    Circulation 138 (2), 198-205, 2018-07-10

    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

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