Staphylococcal and Streptococcal Superantigen Exotoxins

  • Adam R. Spaulding
    Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
  • Wilmara Salgado-Pabón
    Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
  • Petra L. Kohler
    Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
  • Alexander R. Horswill
    Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
  • Donald Y. M. Leung
    Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
  • Patrick M. Schlievert
    Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA

説明

<jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>This review begins with a discussion of the large family of<jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">Staphylococcus aureus</jats:named-content>and beta-hemolytic streptococcal pyrogenic toxin T lymphocyte superantigens from structural and immunobiological perspectives. With this as background, the review then discusses the major known and possible human disease associations with superantigens, including associations with toxic shock syndromes, atopic dermatitis, pneumonia, infective endocarditis, and autoimmune sequelae to streptococcal illnesses. Finally, the review addresses current and possible novel strategies to prevent superantigen production and passive and active immunization strategies.</jats:p>

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