R<sub>ST</sub> Calc: a collection of computer programs for calculating estimates of genetic differentiation from microsatellite data and determining their significance

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p> <jats:italic>R</jats:italic> <jats:sub>ST</jats:sub>, an analogue of <jats:italic>F</jats:italic><jats:sub>ST</jats:sub>, provides a convenient approach for estimating levels of genetic differentiation from microsatellite data. This paper examines current approaches for calculating estimates of <jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>ST</jats:sub> and suggests a weighting scheme based on the transformation of allele sizes at loci across data sets. Combined within an analysis of variance framework this scheme yields an estimator of <jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>ST</jats:sub> analogous to the θ estimator of <jats:italic>F</jats:italic><jats:sub>ST</jats:sub>. Software for the IBM‐PC is described which carries out such calculations and assesses the significance of <jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub>ST</jats:sub> or <jats:italic>Nm</jats:italic> estimates using bootstrap and permutation tests.</jats:p>

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