Mesenchymal stromal cells; a new horizon in regenerative medicine

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  • Shirin Tavakoli
    Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
  • Hamid Reza Ghaderi Jafarbeigloo
    Department of Basic Science Payame Noor University Tehran Iran
  • Ali Shariati
    Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
  • Afsaneh Jahangiryan
    Immunology Department, Blood Transfusion Research Center High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine (IBTO) Tehran Iran
  • Faezeh Jadidi
    Student Research Committee, Zarand School of Nursing Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
  • Mohammd Amin Jadidi Kouhbanani
    Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
  • Ali Hassanzadeh
    Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
  • Majid Zamani
    Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine Gonabad University of Medical Sciences Gonabad Iran
  • Kamran Javidi
    School of Medicine Shahroud University of Medical Sciences Shahroud Iran
  • Adel Naimi
    Cellular and Molecular Research Center Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences Sabzevar Iran

説明

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>In recent decades, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) biomedical utilizing has attracted worldwide growing attention. After the first report of the human MSCs obtaining from the bone marrow (BM) tissue, these cells were isolated from wide types of the other tissues, ranging from adipose tissue to dental pulp. Their specific characteristics, comprising self‐renewality, multipotency, and availability accompanied by their immunomodulatory properties and little ethical concern denote their importance in the context of regenerative medicine. Considering preclinical studies, MSCs can modify immune reactions during tissue repair and restoration, providing suitable milieu for tissue recovery; on the other hand, they can be differentiated into comprehensive types of the body cells, such as osteoblast, chondrocyte, hepatocyte, cardiomyocyte, fibroblast, and neural cells. Though a large number of studies have investigated MSCs capacities in regenerative medicine in varied animal models, the oncogenic capability of unregulated MSCs differentiation must be more assessed to enable their application in the clinic. In the current review, we provide a brief overview of MSCs sources, isolation, and expansion as well as immunomodulatory activities. More important, we try to collect and discuss recent preclinical and clinical research and evaluate current challenges in the context of the MSC‐based cell therapy for regenerative medicine.</jats:p>

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