Hypocholesterolemic effect of sesame lignan in humans

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Dear Editors, Sesame, derived from Savanna areas in Africa, has been used and widely distributed as an important food all over the world. However, there are no reports concerning the physiological functions of sesame. Recently, it has been reported that sesamin, one kind of lignan in sesame seed, exhibits several physiological actions in animals [ l31. However, there are no clinical results on the effects of sesamin. In this study, the effect of sesamin on serum lipids was investigated in humans. Twelve male patients with hypercholesterolemia (8 Type IIa, 4 Type IIb) were randomly divided into two groups (one was the placebo group and the other was the sesamin-treated group). Experimental protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board. The placebo group received capsules, each containing 180 mg wheat germ oil, with 18 mg vitamin E. The sesamin-treated group received capsules, each containing 3.6 mg sesamin and 18 mg vitamin E in 180 mg wheat germ oil. After a preobservation period of 4 weeks, each patient received 9 capsules per day (3 capsules x 3 times per day) for another 4 weeks, followed by 18 capsules per day (6 capsules x 3 times per day) for 4 weeks. They were instructed not to change their diet, any habits or alcoholic intake throughout the whole of the experimental period. Fasting blood samples were drawn before (0 weeks), 4 weeks and 8 weeks after administration of placebo or sesamin capsules. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), apoproteins and lipoproteins were determined using the enzymatic method, the polyanion precipitation method, immuno-nephelometry and the electrophoresis method respectively. LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated by using Friedewald’s formula [4]. Statistical analyses were based on the Wilcoxon test and the Mann-Whitney U-test.

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