Infectious virus in exhaled breath of symptomatic seasonal influenza cases from a college community
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- Jing Yan
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742;
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- Michael Grantham
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742;
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- Jovan Pantelic
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742;
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- P. Jacob Bueno de Mesquita
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742;
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- Barbara Albert
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742;
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- Fengjie Liu
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742;
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- Sheryl Ehrman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
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- Donald K. Milton
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742;
抄録
<jats:title>Significance</jats:title> <jats:p>Lack of human data on influenza virus aerosol shedding fuels debate over the importance of airborne transmission. We provide overwhelming evidence that humans generate infectious aerosols and quantitative data to improve mathematical models of transmission and public health interventions. We show that sneezing is rare and not important for—and that coughing is not required for—influenza virus aerosolization. Our findings, that upper and lower airway infection are independent and that fine-particle exhaled aerosols reflect infection in the lung, opened a pathway for a deeper understanding of the human biology of influenza infection and transmission. Our observation of an association between repeated vaccination and increased viral aerosol generation demonstrated the power of our method, but needs confirmation.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (5), 1081-1086, 2018-01-18
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences