Orexin supplementation in narcolepsy treatment: A review

  • Eugenie Nepovimova
    Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
  • Jana Janockova
    Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
  • Jan Misik
    Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
  • Stepan Kubik
    Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Prague 4 Czech Republic
  • Ales Stuchlik
    Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Prague 4 Czech Republic
  • Karel Vales
    Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Prague 4 Czech Republic
  • Jan Korabecny
    Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
  • Eva Mezeiova
    Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
  • Rafael Dolezal
    Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
  • Ondrej Soukup
    Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
  • Tereza Kobrlova
    Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
  • Ngoc Lam Pham
    Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
  • Thuy Duong Nguyen
    Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
  • Jan Konecny
    Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
  • Kamil Kuca
    Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Narcolepsy is a rare, chronic neurological disease characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, vivid hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Narcolepsy occurs in approximately 1 of 3000 people, affecting mainly adolescents aged 15 to 30 years. Recently, people with narcolepsy were shown to exhibit extensive orexin/hypocretin neuronal loss. The orexin system regulates sleep/wake control via complex interactions with monoaminergic, cholinergic and GABA‐ergic neuronal systems. Currently, no cure for narcolepsy exists, but some symptoms can be controlled with medication (eg, stimulants, antidepressants, etc). Orexin supplementation represents a more sophisticated way to treat narcolepsy because it addresses the underlying cause of the disease and not just the symptoms. Research on orexin supplementation in the treatment of sleep disorders has strongly increased over the past two decades. This review focuses on a brief description of narcolepsy, the mechanisms by which the orexin system regulates sleep/wake cycles, and finally, possible therapeutic options based on orexin supplementation in animal models and patients with narcolepsy.</jats:p>

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