Innate Immunity to<i>Aspergillus</i>Species

DOI Web Site 2 Citations
  • Stacy J. Park
    Department of Microbiology
  • Borna Mehrad
    Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908

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<jats:sec><jats:title>SUMMARY</jats:title><jats:p>All humans are continuously exposed to inhaled<jats:italic>Aspergillus</jats:italic>conidia, yet healthy hosts clear the organism without developing disease and without the development of antibody- or cell-mediated acquired immunity to this organism. This suggests that for most healthy humans, innate immunity is sufficient to clear the organism. A failure of these defenses results in a uniquely diverse set of illnesses caused by<jats:italic>Aspergillus</jats:italic>species, which includes diseases caused by the colonization of the respiratory tract, invasive infection, and hypersensitivity. A key concept in immune responses to<jats:italic>Aspergillus</jats:italic>species is that the susceptibilities of the host determine the morphological form, antigenic structure, and physical location of the fungus. In this review, we summarize the current literature on the multiple layers of innate defenses against<jats:italic>Aspergillus</jats:italic>species that dictate the outcome of this host-microbe interaction.</jats:p></jats:sec>

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