Elevated Serum Triglyceride Levels and Long-Term Mortality in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease

<jats:p> <jats:italic>Background</jats:italic> —The association between elevated blood triglyceride levels and subsequent mortality risk in patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD) has been investigated rarely. The aim of the present study was to investigate this association. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Methods and Results</jats:italic> —We evaluated mortality over a mean follow-up time of 5.1 years among 9033 male and 2499 female CHD patients who were screened for participation in the Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) Study. A stepwise increase in mortality with increasing serum triglyceride levels was observed in patients with desirable or elevated serum total cholesterol levels and in patients with either desirable or abnormally low HDL cholesterol levels. Multivariate adjustment for factors other than HDL cholesterol yielded a slightly increased adjusted mortality risk with a 1-natural-log-unit elevation of triglyceride levels in men (hazard ratio [HR] 1.14, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.30) and women (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.88). Excess covariate-adjusted risk was noted among patients with elevated total and LDL cholesterol and in women with HDL cholesterol levels >45 mg/dL. After additional adjustment for HDL cholesterol, the risk of mortality with a 1-natural-log-unit elevation of triglycerides declined in men (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.26) and in women (HR 1.10, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.50). A trend for increased mortality risk remained in patients with elevated total and LDL cholesterol and in women with HDL cholesterol >45 mg/dL. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Conclusions</jats:italic> —Elevated triglyceride levels were associated with a small, independent increased mortality risk in CHD patients. This risk may be increased among subgroups of patients with elevated total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. </jats:p>