Cerebrospinal Fluid Mechanics and Its Coupling to Cerebrovascular Dynamics

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  • Andreas A. Linninger
    Laboratory for Product and Process Design, Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607;
  • Kevin Tangen
    Laboratory for Product and Process Design, Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607;
  • Chih-Yang Hsu
    Laboratory for Product and Process Design, Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607;
  • David Frim
    Department of Neurosurgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637

Description

<jats:p> Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is not stagnant but displays fascinating oscillatory flow patterns inside the ventricular system and reversing fluid exchange between the cranial vault and spinal compartment. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of pulsatile CSF motion. Observations contradicting classical views about its bulk production and clearance are highlighted. A clinical account of diseases of abnormal CSF flow dynamics, including hydrocephalus, syringomyelia, Chiari malformation type 1, and pseudotumor cerebri, is also given. We survey medical imaging modalities used to observe intracranial dynamics in vivo. Additionally, we assess the state of the art in predictive models of CSF dynamics. The discussion addresses open questions regarding CSF dynamics as they relate to the understanding and management of diseases. </jats:p>

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