-
- Jinkyung Na
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
-
- Igor Grossmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
-
- Michael E. W. Varnum
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
-
- Shinobu Kitayama
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
-
- Richard Gonzalez
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
-
- Richard E. Nisbett
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
説明
<jats:p> We show that differences in social orientation and in cognition that exist between cultures and social classes do not necessarily have counterparts in individual differences within those groups. Evidence comes from a large-scale study conducted with 10 measures of <jats:italic>independent</jats:italic> vs. <jats:italic>interdependent</jats:italic> social orientation and 10 measures of <jats:italic>analytic</jats:italic> vs. <jats:italic>holistic</jats:italic> cognitive style. The social measures successfully distinguish between interdependence (viewing oneself as embedded in relations with others) and independence (viewing oneself as disconnected from others) at the group level. However, the correlations among the measures were negligible. Similar results were obtained for the cognitive measures, for which there are no coherent individual differences despite the validity of the construct at the group level. We conclude that behavioral constructs that distinguish among groups need not be valid as measures of individual differences. </jats:p>
収録刊行物
-
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
-
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107 (14), 6192-6197, 2010-03-22
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences