Spermatid manchette: Plugging proteins to zero into the sperm tail

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Spermiogenesis pursues three major objectives: (1) The safeguard of the male genome within the confines of a compact nucleus. (2) The accumulation of enzymes in the acrosome of be released at fertilization. (3) The development of a sperm propelling tail consisting of an axoneme surrounded by a scaffold of keratin‐containing outer dense fibers and a fibrous sheath. Recent experimental data indicate that three keratins‐Sak57, 0df1 and 0df2‐and other proteins (the 26S proteasome and the 0df1‐binding protein Spag4) are temporarily stored in the manchette before being sorted to the developing sperm tail. These findings support a general model for the manchette as an ephemeral structure timely developed and strategically positioned to provide a transient storage to both structural and signaling proteins. Some of the proteins are later sorted to the developing tail; others may participate in the reciprocal nuclear‐cytoplasmic signaling pathways as the gene activity of the male genome gradually becomes silent. <jats:italic>Mol. Reprod. Dev.</jats:italic> 59: 347–349, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</jats:p>

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