Molecular Cloning and Linkage Mapping of Cryptochrome Multigene Family in Soybean

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  • Hisakazu Matsumura
    Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Univ. of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8518 Japan
  • Hiroshi Kitajima
    Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science Hirosaki Univ. Hirosaki 036‐8561 Japan
  • Shinji Akada
    Gene Research Center Hirosaki Univ. Hirosaki 036‐8561 Japan
  • Jun Abe
    Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido Univ. Sapporo 060‐8589 Japan
  • Nobuhiro Minaka
    National Institute for Agro‐Environmental Sciences Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8604 Japan
  • Ryoji Takahashi
    Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Univ. of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8518 Japan

Description

<jats:p>The cryptochromes are a family of blue light photoreceptors that play important roles in the controls of plant development. Seven full‐length cryptochrome cDNAs (GmCRY1a, GmCRY1b, GmCRY1c, GmCRY1d, GmCRY2a, GmCRY2b, and GmCRY2c) were isolated by cDNA library screening and reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction from ‘Williams’ soybean [<jats:italic>Glycine max</jats:italic> (L.) Merr.], indicating that soybean cryptochrome genes comprise a multigene family. They had homologies ranging from 60 to 89% with CRY1 and CRY2 genes of <jats:italic>Arabidopsis</jats:italic> and pea (<jats:italic>Pisum sativum</jats:italic> L.). Two types of transcripts were isolated in GmCRY1b, GmCRY1c, GmCRY1d, and GmCRY2a. One type was derived from four exons, whereas the other type was derived from five exons. Occurrence of the former transcript could be explained by retention of the fourth intron, suggesting existence of alternative splicing. Gene sequences were compared between a soybean line, Tokei 780, and an accession of soybean wild relative, <jats:italic>Glycine soja</jats:italic>, Hidaka 4. Based on a 10‐bp indel, an amplicon length polymorphism (ALP) marker was designed for mapping of GmCRY2b. For mapping of the other cryptochrome genes, derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (dCAPS) markers were constructed. The cryptochrome genes were individually assigned to different molecular linkage groups (MLG) (GmCRY1a: MLG C1; GmCRY1b: C2; GmCRY1c: B2; GmCRY1d: F; GmCRT2a: O; GmCRY2b: D1b; GmCRY2c: I). The distribution of cryptochrome genes that was deduced from the soybean genome database was consistent with mapping results.</jats:p>

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