Arsenobetaine: an ecophysiologically important organoarsenical confers cytoprotection against osmotic stress and growth temperature extremes
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- Tamara Hoffmann
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology Philipps‐University Marburg, Karl‐von‐Frisch Str. 8 Marburg D‐35043 Germany
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- Bianca Warmbold
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology Philipps‐University Marburg, Karl‐von‐Frisch Str. 8 Marburg D‐35043 Germany
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- Sander H. J. Smits
- Institute of Biochemistry Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitäts Str. 1 Düsseldorf D‐402325 Germany
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- Britta Tschapek
- Institute of Biochemistry Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitäts Str. 1 Düsseldorf D‐402325 Germany
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- Stefanie Ronzheimer
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology Philipps‐University Marburg, Karl‐von‐Frisch Str. 8 Marburg D‐35043 Germany
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- Abdallah Bashir
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology Philipps‐University Marburg, Karl‐von‐Frisch Str. 8 Marburg D‐35043 Germany
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- Chiliang Chen
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology Philipps‐University Marburg, Karl‐von‐Frisch Str. 8 Marburg D‐35043 Germany
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- Anne Rolbetzki
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology Philipps‐University Marburg, Karl‐von‐Frisch Str. 8 Marburg D‐35043 Germany
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- Marco Pittelkow
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology Philipps‐University Marburg, Karl‐von‐Frisch Str. 8 Marburg D‐35043 Germany
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- Mohamed Jebbar
- European Institute of Marine Studies, Technopole Brest‐Iroise, Laboratory of Extreme Environments, Microbiology University of West Brittany (Brest) Plouzane F‐29280 France
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- Andreas Seubert
- Faculty of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry Philipps‐University Marburg, Hans‐Meerwein Str. 4 Marburg D‐35043 Germany
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- Lutz Schmitt
- Institute of Biochemistry Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitäts Str. 1 Düsseldorf D‐402325 Germany
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- Erhard Bremer
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology Philipps‐University Marburg, Karl‐von‐Frisch Str. 8 Marburg D‐35043 Germany
書誌事項
- 公開日
- 2017-12-07
- 権利情報
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- http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
- DOI
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- 10.1111/1462-2920.13999
- 公開者
- Wiley
この論文をさがす
説明
<jats:title>Summary</jats:title> <jats:p> Arsenic, a highly cytotoxic and cancerogenic metalloid, is brought into the biosphere through geochemical sources and anthropogenic activities. A global biogeochemical arsenic biotransformation cycle exists in which inorganic arsenic species are transformed into organoarsenicals, which are subsequently mineralized again into inorganic arsenic compounds. Microorganisms contribute to this biotransformation process greatly and one of the organoarsenicals synthesized and degraded in this cycle is arsenobetaine. Its nitrogen‐containing homologue glycine betaine is probably the most frequently used compatible solute on Earth. Arsenobetaine is found in marine and terrestrial habitats and even in deep‐sea hydrothermal vent ecosystems. Despite its ubiquitous occurrence, the biological function of arsenobetaine has not been comprehensively addressed. Using <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis</jats:italic> as a well‐understood platform for the study of microbial osmostress adjustment systems, we ascribe here to arsenobetaine both a protective function against high osmolarity and a cytoprotective role against extremes in low and high growth temperatures. We define a biosynthetic route for arsenobetaine from the precursor arsenocholine that relies on enzymes and genetic regulatory circuits for glycine betaine formation from choline, identify the uptake systems for arsenobetaine and arsenocholine, and describe crystal structures of ligand‐binding proteins from the OpuA and OpuB ABC transporters complexed with either arsenobetaine or arsenocholine. </jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Environmental Microbiology
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Environmental Microbiology 20 (1), 305-323, 2017-12-07
Wiley