Disseminated <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subspecies infection in a cat

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  • Delphine Rivière
    Scanelis, 9 allée Charles Cros, BP 70006, 31770 Colomiers, France
  • Jean-Luc Pingret
    Scanelis, 9 allée Charles Cros, BP 70006, 31770 Colomiers, France
  • Mélanie Etievant
    Scanelis, 9 allée Charles Cros, BP 70006, 31770 Colomiers, France
  • Aurélie Jechoux
    Clinique vétérinaire de la Rivière, 1 rue Pierre Loti, 31870 Plaisance du Touch, France
  • Didier Lanore
    Clinique vétérinaire de la Rivière, 1 rue Pierre Loti, 31870 Plaisance du Touch, France
  • Isabelle Raymond-Letron
    Department of Histopathology, National Veterinary School of Toulouse, 23 chemin des Capelles, BP 87614, 31076 Toulouse cedex 03, France
  • Corine Boucraut-Baralon
    Scanelis, 9 allée Charles Cros, BP 70006, 31770 Colomiers, France

説明

<jats:p> An 18-month-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat, domiciled in the southwest of France, was first presented having suffered for a few days from dysorexia and vomiting. Abdominal palpation revealed lymph node enlargement. Cytological examinations of a fine needle aspirate demonstrated granulomatous inflammation with many non-staining elements consistent with mycobacteria. Diagnosis was confirmed by culture and polymerase chain reaction and Mycobacterium avium subspecies was isolated. Treatment was initiated with marbofloxacin, rifampicin and cefoxitin. There was a rapid clinical improvement. The cat suddenly died 2 months later. The main hypothesis is the administration of an inappropriate combination therapy that leads to the development of mycobacterial resistance. A volvulus and acute peritonitis secondary to the significant enlargement of a mesenteric lymph node were present at necropsy. Histopathological analysis of mesenteric lymph node, liver and spleen revealed multicentric granulomatous and severely necrotic lesions with numerous Ziehl–Neelsen positive intracytoplasmic elements. </jats:p>

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