Divergence between the Highly Virulent Zoonotic Pathogen Helicobacter heilmannii and Its Closest Relative, the Low-Virulence “Helicobacter ailurogastricus” sp. nov

DOI Web Site 4 Citations
  • Myrthe Joosten
    Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
  • Sara Lindén
    Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  • Mirko Rossi
    Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
  • Alfred Chin Yen Tay
    The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
  • Emma Skoog
    Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  • Médea Padra
    Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  • Fanny Peters
    The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
  • Tim Perkins
    The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
  • Peter Vandamme
    Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
  • Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
    Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
  • Katharina D'Herde
    Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
  • Wim Van den Broeck
    Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
  • Bram Flahou
    Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
  • Dieter Deforce
    Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
  • Richard Ducatelle
    Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
  • Barry Marshall
    The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
  • Freddy Haesebrouck
    Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
  • Annemieke Smet
    Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
  • S. R. Blanke
    editor

Description

<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title> <jats:p> <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter heilmannii</jats:named-content> naturally colonizes the stomachs of dogs and cats and has been associated with gastric disorders in humans. Nine feline <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter</jats:named-content> strains, classified as <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">H. heilmannii</jats:named-content> based on <jats:italic>ureAB</jats:italic> and 16S rRNA gene sequences, were divided into a highly virulent and a low-virulence group. The genomes of these strains were sequenced to investigate their phylogenetic relationships, to define their gene content and diversity, and to determine if the differences in pathogenicity were associated with the presence or absence of potential virulence genes. The capacities of these helicobacters to bind to the gastric mucosa were investigated as well. Our analyses revealed that the low-virulence strains do not belong to the species <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">H. heilmannii</jats:named-content> but to a novel, closely related species for which we propose the name <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter ailurogastricus</jats:named-content> . Several homologs of <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">H. pylori</jats:named-content> virulence factors, such as IceA1, HrgA, and jhp0562-like glycosyltransferase, are present in <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">H. heilmannii</jats:named-content> but absent in <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">H. ailurogastricus</jats:named-content> . Both species contain a VacA-like autotransporter, for which the passenger domain is remarkably larger in <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">H. ailurogastricus</jats:named-content> than in <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">H. heilmannii</jats:named-content> . In addition, <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">H. ailurogastricus</jats:named-content> shows clear differences in binding to the gastric mucosa compared to <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">H. heilmannii</jats:named-content> . These findings highlight the low-virulence character of this novel <jats:named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter</jats:named-content> species. </jats:p>

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