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- Eleftheria Palkopoulou
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
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- Mark Lipson
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
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- Swapan Mallick
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
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- Svend Nielsen
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
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- Nadin Rohland
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
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- Sina Baleka
- Unit of General Zoology–Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Life Sciences, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
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- Emil Karpinski
- McMaster Ancient DNA Centre, Department of Anthropology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L9, Canada;
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- Atma M. Ivancevic
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 SA, Australia;
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- Thu-Hien To
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 SA, Australia;
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- R. Daniel Kortschak
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 SA, Australia;
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- Joy M. Raison
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 SA, Australia;
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- Zhipeng Qu
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 SA, Australia;
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- Tat-Jun Chin
- School of Computer Science, The University of Adelaide, 5005 SA, Australia;
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- Kurt W. Alt
- Center of Natural and Cultural Human History, Danube Private University, A-3500 Krems, Austria;
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- Stefan Claesson
- Institute of Maritime History, Tall Timbers, MD 20690;
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- Love Dalén
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden;
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- Ross D. E. MacPhee
- Division of Vertebrate Zoology/Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024;
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- Harald Meller
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology, 06114 Halle (Saale), Germany;
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- Alfred L. Roca
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801;
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- Oliver A. Ryder
- Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo, Escondido, CA 92027;
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- David Heiman
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142;
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- Sarah Young
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142;
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- Matthew Breen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607;
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- Christina Williams
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607;
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- Bronwen L. Aken
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SD Cambridge, United Kingdom;
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- Magali Ruffier
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SD Cambridge, United Kingdom;
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- Elinor Karlsson
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142;
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- Jeremy Johnson
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142;
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- Federica Di Palma
- Earlham Institute, NR4 7UZ Norwich, United Kingdom;
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- Jessica Alfoldi
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142;
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- David L. Adelson
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 SA, Australia;
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- Thomas Mailund
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
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- Kasper Munch
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
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- Kerstin Lindblad-Toh
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142;
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- Michael Hofreiter
- Unit of General Zoology–Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Life Sciences, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
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- Hendrik Poinar
- McMaster Ancient DNA Centre, Department of Anthropology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L9, Canada;
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- David Reich
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
抄録
<jats:title>Significance</jats:title> <jats:p>Elephantids were once among the most widespread megafaunal families. However, only three species of this family exist today. To reconstruct their evolutionary history, we generated 14 genomes from living and extinct elephantids and from the American mastodon. While previous studies examined only simple bifurcating relationships, we found that gene flow between elephantid species was common in the past. Straight-tusked elephants descend from a mixture of three ancestral populations related to the ancestor of African elephants, woolly mammoths, and present-day forest elephants. We detected interbreeding between North American woolly and Columbian mammoths but found no evidence of recent gene flow between forest and savanna elephants, demonstrating that both gene flow and isolation have been central in the evolution of elephantids.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (11), 2018-02-26
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences