Ultrasonic Atomization of Liquids

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<jats:p>An experimental study was made of the mechanism by which the ultrasonic vibration of liquid surfaces causes atomization.</jats:p> <jats:p>At exciting frequencies in the range of 10 to 800 kc, uniform patterns of crossed capillary waves were found on the liquid surface when atomization occurred. The number-median diameter of the particles produced was found to be a constant fraction, 0.34, of the capillary wavelength; the capillary wavelength is calculable by Kelvin's equation using the exciting frequency and properties of the fluid being atomized.</jats:p> <jats:p>The evidence is strong that the mechanism of ultrasonic atomization involves the rupture of capillary surface waves and the subsequent ejection of the wave peaks from the surface as particles.</jats:p>

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