Intensity-dependent absorption and photorefractive properties in cerium-doped BaTiO3 crystals

  • Changxi Yang
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
  • Yuheng Zhang
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
  • Xianmin Yi
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
  • Pochi Yeh
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
  • Yong Zhu
    Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People’s Republic of China
  • Mengjun Hui
    Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People’s Republic of China
  • Xing Wu
    Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People’s Republic of China

説明

<jats:p>We report the optical absorption and photorefractive properties of a series of cerium-doped barium titanate crystals. The light-induced absorption and the intensity-dependent two-beam coupling gain coefficient indicate that there are at least two active trap levels in cerium-doped BaTiO3 crystals. The total effective trap density, the Debye screening wave vector, and the intensity-dependent factor increase with cerium-doping concentration as well as the pump beam intensity. The positive light-induced absorption and the negative absorption gain coefficient as the grating wave vector approaches zero indicate that the excitation cross section of shallow traps is larger than that of deep traps. One of these crystals exhibits a two-beam coupling coefficient of 8.06 cm−1 for ordinarily polarized beams, which is the highest ever reported to date. Both electro-optic index grating and absorption grating are contributing to the coupling coefficient. The response time of as-grown cerium-doped BaTiO3 with 15 ppm cerium is 220 ms at an intensity of 800 mW/cm2.</jats:p>

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