Izmit earthquake postseismic deformation and dynamics of the North Anatolian Fault Zone

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  • E. H. Hearn
    Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
  • S. McClusky
    Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts USA
  • S. Ergintav
    TUBITAK, Marmara Research Center Earth and Marine Sciences Institute Gebze Turkey
  • R. E. Reilinger
    Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts USA

書誌事項

公開日
2009-08
権利情報
  • http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
DOI
  • 10.1029/2008jb006026
公開者
American Geophysical Union (AGU)

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説明

<jats:p>We have modeled postseismic deformation from 1999 to 2003 in the region surrounding the 1999 Izmit and Düzce earthquake ruptures, using a three‐dimensional viscoelastic finite element method. Our models confirm earlier findings that surface deformation within the first few months of the Izmit earthquake is principally due to stable frictional afterslip on and below the Izmit earthquake rupture. A second deformation process is required, however, to fit the surface deformation after several months. Viscoelastic relaxation of lower crust and/or upper mantle with a viscosity of the order of 2 to 5 × 10<jats:sup>19</jats:sup> Pa s improves the models' fit to later GPS site velocities. However, for a linear viscous rheology, this range of values is inconsistent with highly localized interseismic deformation around the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) that was well observed prior to the earthquake sequence. The simplest solution to this problem is to assume that the effective viscosity of the relaxing material increases with time after large earthquakes, that is, that it has a power law or Burger's body (transient) rheology. A Burger's body rheology with two characteristic viscosities (2 to 5 × 10<jats:sup>19</jats:sup> Pa s and at least 2 × 10<jats:sup>20</jats:sup> Pa s) in the mantle is consistent with deformation around the NAFZ throughout the earthquake cycle.</jats:p>

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