Serum HBsAg quantification to predict response to peginterferon therapy of e antigen positive chronic hepatitis B

<jats:sec><jats:label /><jats:p> <jats:italic>Aliment Pharmacol Ther</jats:italic> 2010; <jats:bold>32:</jats:bold> 1323–1331</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background </jats:bold> On‐treatment predictors of response to peginterferon can guide individualization of therapy in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim </jats:bold> To investigate the use of serum hepatitis B surface antigen quantification to predict sustained response.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods </jats:bold> Hepatitis B e antigen‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients who received peginterferon for 32–48 weeks with or without lamivudine combination were studied. Sustained response was defined as hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion and chronic hepatitis B virus DNA <10 000 copies/mL until 12 months post‐treatment.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results </jats:bold> Twenty‐one of 92 (23%) patients achieved sustained response. At month 6, the area under receiver operating characteristics curve for hepatitis B surface antigen to predict sustained response was 0.77 (95% confidence interval 0.65–0.89, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.001). An hepatitis B surface antigen cutoff at 300 IU/mL at month 6 could give the maximum combination of sensitivity (62%) and specificity (89%) to predict sustained response. Nine of 21 (43%) sustained responders vs. 9 of 71 (13%) nonsustained responders had >1 log hepatitis B surface antigen reduction at month 6 (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.001). Combined hepatitis B surface antigen ≤300 IU/mL and >1 log reduction at month 6 had sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 43%, 96%, 75% and 85% to predict sustained response, respectively.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion </jats:bold> On‐treatment serum hepatitis B surface antigen can predict response to peginterferon therapy in chronic hepatitis B.</jats:p></jats:sec>