Why is melanoma so metastatic?

  • Russell R. Braeuer
    Department of Cancer Biology The University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA
  • Ian R. Watson
    Department of Genomic Medicine The University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA
  • Chang‐Jiun Wu
    Department of Genomic Medicine The University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA
  • Aaron K. Mobley
    Department of Cancer Biology The University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA
  • Takafumi Kamiya
    Department of Cancer Biology The University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA
  • Einav Shoshan
    Department of Cancer Biology The University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA
  • Menashe Bar‐Eli
    Department of Cancer Biology The University of Texas at MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA

書誌事項

公開日
2013-10-17
権利情報
  • http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
DOI
  • 10.1111/pcmr.12172
公開者
Wiley

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説明

<jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p>Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive cancers and can disseminate from a relatively small primary tumor and metastasize to multiple sites, including the lung, liver, brain, bone, and lymph nodes. Elucidating the molecular and genetic changes that take place during the metastatic process has led to a better understanding of why melanoma is so metastatic. Herein, we describe the unique features that distinguish melanoma from other solid tumors and contribute to the malignant phenotype of melanoma cells. For example, although melanoma cells are highly antigenic, they are extremely efficient at evading host immune response. Melanoma cells share numerous cell surface molecules with vascular cells, are highly angiogenic, are mesenchymal in nature, and possess a higher degree of ‘stemness’ than do other solid tumors. Finally, analysis of melanoma mutations has revealed that the gene expression profile of malignant melanoma is different from that of other cancers. Elucidating these molecular and genetic processes in highly metastatic melanoma can lead to the development of improved treatment and individualized therapy options.</jats:p>

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