Chemodynamical History of the Galactic Bulge

DOI Web Site 6 Citations
  • Beatriz Barbuy
    Department of Astronomy, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil;,
  • Cristina Chiappini
    Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), 14482 Potsdam, Germany;
  • Ortwin Gerhard
    Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, D-85741 Garching, Germany;

Description

<jats:p>The Galactic Bulge can uniquely be studied from large samples of individual stars and is therefore of prime importance for understanding the stellar population structure of bulges in general. Here the observational evidence on the kinematics, chemical composition, and ages of Bulge stellar populations based on photometric and spectroscopic data is reviewed. The bulk of Bulge stars are old and span a metallicity range of −1.5≲[Fe/H]≲+0.5. Stellar populations and chemical properties suggest a star-formation timescale below ∼2 Gyr. The overall Bulge is barred and follows cylindrical rotation, and the more metal-rich stars trace a box/peanut (B/P) structure. Dyna-mical models demonstrate the different spatial and orbital distributions of metal-rich and metal-poor stars. We discuss current Bulge-formation scenarios based on dynamical, chemical, chemodynamical, and cosmological models. Despite impressive progress, we do not yet have a successful fully self-consistent chemodynamical Bulge model in the cosmological framework, and we will also need a more extensive chrono-chemical-kinematic 3D map of stars to better constrain such models.</jats:p>

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