Local, submicron, strain gradients as the cause of Sn whisker growth

  • M. Sobiech
    Max Planck Institute for Metals Research 1 , Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
  • M. Wohlschlögel
    Max Planck Institute for Metals Research 1 , Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
  • U. Welzel
    Max Planck Institute for Metals Research 1 , Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
  • E. J. Mittemeijer
    Max Planck Institute for Metals Research 1 , Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
  • W. Hügel
    Robert Bosch GmbH 2 , Dieselstrasse 6, D-72770 Reutlingen, Germany
  • A. Seekamp
    Robert Bosch GmbH 2 , Dieselstrasse 6, D-72770 Reutlingen, Germany
  • W. Liu
    Argonne National Laboratory 3 Advanced Photon Source, , Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
  • G. E. Ice
    Oak Ridge National Laboratory 4 , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6118, USA

説明

<jats:p>It has been shown experimentally that local in-plane residual strain gradients occur around the root of spontaneously growing Sn whiskers on the surface of Sn coatings deposited on Cu. The strain distribution has been determined with synchrotron white beam micro Laue diffraction measurements. The observed in-plane residual strain gradients in combination with recently revealed out-of-plane residual strain-depth gradients [M. Sobiech et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 011906 (2008)] provide the driving forces for whisker growth.</jats:p>

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