Fall Armyworm-Associated Gut Bacteria Modulate Plant Defense Responses

DOI Web Site 4 Citations
  • Flor E. Acevedo
    Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 Agricultural Sciences and Industries Building, University Park, 16802, U.S.A.;
  • Michelle Peiffer
    Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 Agricultural Sciences and Industries Building, University Park, 16802, U.S.A.;
  • Ching-Wen Tan
    Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 Agricultural Sciences and Industries Building, University Park, 16802, U.S.A.;
  • Bruce A. Stanley
    Section of Research Resources, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, 17033, U.S.A.;
  • Anne Stanley
    Section of Research Resources, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, 17033, U.S.A.;
  • Jie Wang
    Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 Agricultural Sciences and Industries Building, University Park, 16802, U.S.A.;
  • Asher G. Jones
    Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 Agricultural Sciences and Industries Building, University Park, 16802, U.S.A.;
  • Kelli Hoover
    Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 Agricultural Sciences and Industries Building, University Park, 16802, U.S.A.;
  • Cristina Rosa
    Department of Plant Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University, 321 Buckhout Lab; and
  • Dawn Luthe
    Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, 216 Agricultural Sciences and Industries Building
  • Gary Felton
    Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 Agricultural Sciences and Industries Building, University Park, 16802, U.S.A.;

Description

<jats:p> Mechanical damage caused by insect feeding along with components present in insect saliva and oral secretions are known to induce jasmonic acid–mediated defense responses in plants. This study investigated the effects of bacteria from oral secretions of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda on herbivore-induced defenses in tomato and maize plants. Using culture-dependent methods, we identified seven different bacterial isolates belonging to the family Enterobacteriacea from the oral secretions of field-collected caterpillars. Two isolates, Pantoea ananatis and Enterobacteriaceae-1, downregulated the activity of the plant defensive proteins polyphenol oxidase and trypsin proteinase inhibitors (trypsin PI) but upregulated peroxidase (POX) activity in tomato. A Raoultella sp. and a Klebsiella sp. downregulated POX but upregulated trypsin PI in this plant species. Conversely, all of these bacterial isolates upregulated the expression of the herbivore-induced maize proteinase inhibitor (mpi) gene in maize. Plant treatment with P. ananatis and Enterobacteriaceae-1 enhanced caterpillar growth on tomato but diminished their growth on maize plants. Our results highlight the importance of herbivore-associated microbes and their ability to mediate insect plant interactions differently in host plants fed on by the same herbivore. </jats:p>

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