Phytochrome mediates the external light signal to repress <i>FT</i> orthologs in photoperiodic flowering of rice

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<jats:p>Phytochromes confer the photoperiodic control of flowering in rice (<jats:italic>Oryza sativa</jats:italic>), a short-day plant. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of day-length recognition, we examined the interaction between phytochrome signals and circadian clocks in photoperiodic-flowering mutants of rice. Monitoring behaviors of circadian clocks revealed that phase setting of circadian clocks is not affected either under short-day (SD) or under long-day (LD) conditions in a phytochrome-deficient mutant that shows an early-flowering phenotype with no photoperiodic response. Non-24-hr-light/dark-cycle experiments revealed that a rice counterpart gene of <jats:italic>Arabidopsis CONSTANS</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>CO</jats:italic>), named <jats:italic>PHOTOPERIOD SENSITIVITY 1</jats:italic>(<jats:italic>Heading date 1</jats:italic>) [<jats:italic>SE1</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Hd1</jats:italic>)], functions as an output of circadian clocks. In addition, the phytochrome deficiency does not affect the diurnal mRNA expression of <jats:italic>SE1</jats:italic> upon floral transition. Downstream floral switch genes were further identified with rice orthologs of <jats:italic>Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>FT</jats:italic>). Our RT-PCR data indicate that phytochrome signals repress mRNA expression of <jats:italic>FT</jats:italic> orthologs, whereas <jats:italic>SE1</jats:italic> can function to promote and suppress mRNA expression of the <jats:italic>FT</jats:italic> orthologs under SD and LD, respectively. This SE1 transcriptional activity may be posttranscriptionally regulated and may depend on the coincidence with Pfr phytochromes. We propose a model to explain how a short-day plant recognizes the day length in photoperiodic flowering.</jats:p>

収録刊行物

  • Genes & Development

    Genes & Development 16 (15), 2006-2020, 2002-08-01

    Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

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