Elucidating secondary organic aerosol from diesel and gasoline vehicles through detailed characterization of organic carbon emissions

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  • Drew R. Gentner
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
  • Gabriel Isaacman
    Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
  • David R. Worton
    Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
  • Arthur W. H. Chan
    Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
  • Timothy R. Dallmann
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
  • Laura Davis
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
  • Shang Liu
    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
  • Douglas A. Day
    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
  • Lynn M. Russell
    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
  • Kevin R. Wilson
    Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
  • Robin Weber
    Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
  • Abhinav Guha
    Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
  • Robert A. Harley
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
  • Allen H. Goldstein
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;

Abstract

<jats:p>Emissions from gasoline and diesel vehicles are predominant anthropogenic sources of reactive gas-phase organic carbon and key precursors to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in urban areas. Their relative importance for aerosol formation is a controversial issue with implications for air quality control policy and public health. We characterize the chemical composition, mass distribution, and organic aerosol formation potential of emissions from gasoline and diesel vehicles, and find diesel exhaust is seven times more efficient at forming aerosol than gasoline exhaust. However, both sources are important for air quality; depending on a region’s fuel use, diesel is responsible for 65% to 90% of vehicular-derived SOA, with substantial contributions from aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Including these insights on source characterization and SOA formation will improve regional pollution control policies, fuel regulations, and methodologies for future measurement, laboratory, and modeling studies.</jats:p>

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