A<i>β</i> Internalization by Neurons and Glia

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<jats:p>In the brain, the amyloid <jats:italic>β</jats:italic> peptide (A<jats:italic>β</jats:italic>) exists extracellularly and inside neurons. The intracellular accumulation of A<jats:italic>β</jats:italic> in Alzheimer′s disease brain has been questioned for a long time. However, there is now sufficient strong evidence indicating that accumulation of A<jats:italic>β</jats:italic> inside neurons plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer′s disease. Intraneuronal A<jats:italic>β</jats:italic> originates from intracellular cleavage of APP and from A<jats:italic>β</jats:italic> internalization from the extracellular milieu. We discuss here the different molecular mechanisms that are responsible for A<jats:italic>β</jats:italic> internalization in neurons and the links between A<jats:italic>β</jats:italic> internalization and neuronal dysfunction and death. A brief description of A<jats:italic>β</jats:italic> uptake by glia is also presented.</jats:p>

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