A roadmap for island biology: 50 fundamental questions after 50 years of <i>The Theory of Island Biogeography</i>
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- Jairo Patiño
- Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA‐CSIC) La Laguna Tenerife Canary Islands Spain
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- Robert J. Whittaker
- School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford UK
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- Paulo A.V. Borges
- Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group University of the Azores Angra do Heroísmo and Ponta Delgada Azores Portugal
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- José María Fernández‐Palacios
- Island Ecology and Biogeography Group Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC) Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife Canary Islands Spain
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- Claudine Ah‐Peng
- UMR PVBMT University of La Réunion Pôle de Protection des Plantes Saint‐Pierre La Réunion France
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- Miguel B. Araújo
- Center for Macroecology Evolution and Climate University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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- Sergio P. Ávila
- CIBIO‐Açores/INBIO: Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos and Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade dos Açores Ponta Delgada Açores Portugal
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- Pedro Cardoso
- Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group University of the Azores Angra do Heroísmo and Ponta Delgada Azores Portugal
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- Josselin Cornuault
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
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- Erik J. de Boer
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
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- Lea de Nascimento
- Island Ecology and Biogeography Group Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC) Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife Canary Islands Spain
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- Artur Gil
- Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group University of the Azores Angra do Heroísmo and Ponta Delgada Azores Portugal
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- Aarón González‐Castro
- Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA‐CSIC) La Laguna Tenerife Canary Islands Spain
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- Daniel S. Gruner
- Department of Entomology University of Maryland College Park MD USA
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- Ruben Heleno
- Department of Life Sciences Centre for Functional Ecology University of Coimbra 3000 Coimbra Portugal
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- Joaquín Hortal
- Department of Biogeography and Global Change Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN‐CSIC) Madrid Spain
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- Juan Carlos Illera
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UO‐CSIC‐PA) Oviedo University Campus of Mieres Research Building Asturias Spain
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- Christopher N. Kaiser‐Bunbury
- Ecological Networks Department of Biology TU Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany
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- Thomas J. Matthews
- Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group University of the Azores Angra do Heroísmo and Ponta Delgada Azores Portugal
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- Anna Papadopoulou
- Department of Integrative Ecology Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC) Seville Spain
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- Nathalie Pettorelli
- Institute of Zoology Zoological Society of London London UK
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- Jonathan P. Price
- University of Hawai'i at Hilo Hilo HI USA
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- Ana M. C. Santos
- Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group University of the Azores Angra do Heroísmo and Ponta Delgada Azores Portugal
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- Manuel J. Steinbauer
- Section Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity Department of Bioscience Aarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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- Kostas A. Triantis
- Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c)/Azorean Biodiversity Group University of the Azores Angra do Heroísmo and Ponta Delgada Azores Portugal
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- Luis Valente
- Museum für Naturkunde Leibniz‐Institut für Evolutions‐ und Biodiversitätsforschung Berlin Germany
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- Pablo Vargas
- Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid (CSIC‐RJB) Madrid Spain
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- Patrick Weigelt
- Biodiversity Macroecology and Biogeography Georg‐August‐University Göttingen Göttingen Germany
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- Brent C. Emerson
- Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA‐CSIC) La Laguna Tenerife Canary Islands Spain
説明
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims</jats:title><jats:p>The 50th anniversary of the publication of the seminal book, <jats:italic>The Theory of Island Biogeography</jats:italic>, by Robert H. MacArthur and Edward O. Wilson, is a timely moment to review and identify key research foci that could advance island biology. Here, we take a collaborative horizon‐scanning approach to identify 50 fundamental questions for the continued development of the field.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Location</jats:title><jats:p>Worldwide.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We adapted a well‐established methodology of horizon scanning to identify priority research questions in island biology, and initiated it during the Island Biology 2016 conference held in the Azores. A multidisciplinary working group prepared an initial pool of 187 questions. A series of online surveys was then used to refine a list of the 50 top priority questions. The final shortlist was restricted to questions with a broad conceptual scope, and which should be answerable through achievable research approaches.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Questions were structured around four broad and partially overlapping island topics, including: (Macro)Ecology and Biogeography, (Macro)Evolution, Community Ecology, and Conservation and Management. These topics were then subdivided according to the following subject areas: global diversity patterns (five questions in total); island ontogeny and past climate change (4); island rules and syndromes (3); island biogeography theory (4); immigration–speciation–extinction dynamics (5); speciation and diversification (4); dispersal and colonization (3); community assembly (6); biotic interactions (2); global change (5); conservation and management policies (5); and invasive alien species (4).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Collectively, this cross‐disciplinary set of topics covering the 50 fundamental questions has the potential to stimulate and guide future research in island biology. By covering fields ranging from biogeography, community ecology and evolution to global change, this horizon scan may help to foster the formation of interdisciplinary research networks, enhancing joint efforts to better understand the past, present and future of island biotas.</jats:p></jats:sec>
収録刊行物
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- Journal of Biogeography
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Journal of Biogeography 44 (5), 963-983, 2017-03-20
Wiley