Sequential radiation of unrelated organisms: the gall fly <i>Eurosta solidaginis</i> and the tumbling flower beetle <i>Mordellistena convicta</i>

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  • W. G. Abrahamson
    Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
  • C. P. Blair
    Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
  • M. D. Eubanks
    Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
  • S. A. Morehead
    Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Host shifts and the formation of insect-host races are likely common processes in the speciation of herbivorous insects. The interactions of goldenrods Solidago (Compositae), the gall fly Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae) and the beetle Mordellistena convicta (Coleoptera: Mordellidae) provide behavioural, ecological and genetic evidence of host races that may represent incipient species forming via sympatric speciation. We summarize evidence for Eurosta host races and show that M. convicta has radiated from goldenrod stems to Eurosta galls to form host-part races and, having exploited the galler's host shift, has begun to differentiate into host races within galls. Thus, host-race formation has occurred in two interacting, but unrelated organisms representing two trophic levels, resulting in ‘sequential radiation’ (escalation of biodiversity up the trophic system). Distributions of host races and their behavioural isolating mechanisms suggest sympatric differentiation. Such differentiation suggests host-race formation and subsequent speciation may be an important source of biodiversity.</jats:p>

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