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- Steven J Davis
- William H. Abbott Professor of International Business and Economics, Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Research Associate, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts; and Visiting Scholar, American Enterprise Institute, Washington, D.C.
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- R. Jason Faberman
- Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C.
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- John Haltiwanger
- Professor of Economics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, and Research Associate, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
説明
<jats:p> New data sources and products developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Bureau of the Census highlight the fluid character of U.S. labor markets. Private sector job creation and destruction rates average nearly 8 percent of employment per quarter. Worker flows in the form of hires and separations are more than twice as large. The data also underscores the lumpy nature of micro-level employment adjustments. More than two-thirds of job destruction occurs at establishments that shrink by more than 10 percent within the quarter, and more than one-fifth occurs at those that shut down. Our study also uncovers highly nonlinear relationships of worker flows to employment growth and job flows at the micro level. These micro relations interact with movements over time in the cross-sectional density of establishment growth rates to produce recurring cyclical patterns in aggregate labor market flows. Cyclical movements in the layoffs-separations ratio, for example, and the propensity of separated workers to become unemployed reflect distinct micro relations for quits and layoffs. A dominant role for the job-finding rate in accounting for unemployment movements in mild downturns and a bigger role for the job-loss rate in severe downturns reflect distinct micro relations for hires and layoffs. </jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Journal of Economic Perspectives
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Journal of Economic Perspectives 20 (3), 3-26, 2006-05-01
American Economic Association
