NUMERICAL STUDY OF TWEEKS BASED ON WAVEGUIDE MODE THEORY

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Assuming that the ionospheric reflecting layer is a sharp bounded and imperfect conductor attenuation factor and group velocities are calculated from the waveguide mode theory developed by Wait. 1.8 kc and 2.2 kc with various values of the ionospheric parameteωr. And in the cases of zero and second order modes calculations are performed only for ωr of 5×10 sec^-1 and for wave frequencies less that 2.0 kc and between 3.6 kc and 5.0 kc, respectively. The usually observed characteristics of propagation time vs. frequency of tweeks well explained by the attenuation and group velocity characteristics of first and second order modes And it is shown that for the determination of travelling distance and height of reflecting layer from the propagation characteristics of tweeks it is advantageous to make use of the part of a tweek corresponding to the first order mode, because of the easiness of seperating it from waves belonging to the other order modes and of its less attenuations. Differences which are caused by regarding an imperfectly conducting layer as a perfectly conducting one, in the determination of distance and height are discussed.

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