渓畔林をもつ河道における掃流砂量に関する研究

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タイトル別名
  • Bed-Load Sediment Transport in Woody Vegetated Channels
  • ケイハンリン オ モツ カドウ ニ オケル ソウリュウサリョウ ニカンスルケン

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Recently, streamside forests have been preserved or restored in case of sediment and erosion control works for preserving the natural environment and for preventing sediment-related disasters. Many studies on streamside forests for function of sediment control have been done. However, further detailed study is required.<br>The purpose of this study is to improve the understanding of bed-load sediment transport rate in woody vegetated channels. Experiments were conducted about the bed-load transport rate in experimental flume in which cylinders, models of trees, with equi-spacing were settled in high density. Then, we have investigated the relation between the bed-load transport rate and the roughness concentration of models of trees. The results are summarized as follows;<br>(1)The dimensionless bed-load transport rate ΦB in woody vegetated channels is calculated using by dimensionless effective tractive force τ*e, dimensionless critical tractive force τ*c, and tractive force τ* using by the following equation, which is applicable in the experimental regions.<br>ΦB=5⋅τ*e3/2(1-τ*c/τ*)3/2<br>(2)As the roughness concentration of trees in channels increases, the dimensionless effective tractive force decreases.<br>(3)The dimensionless effective tractive force is estimated taking account of roughness concentration of trees by the following equations, <br>τ*e=βU2*/(σ/ρ-1)g⋅d=β×τ*<br>β=(2g)3/4n9/10/CD3/4×I3/10S3/2/q3/5D3/4<br>where, U*=friction velocity, σ=density of sediment, ρ=density of water, g=acceleration of gravity, d=meangrain size, β=coefficient of diminution, n=Manning's coefficient of roughness, CD=drag coefficient, I=gradient of riverbed (energy gradient), S=space of trees, D=diameter of trees, q=discharge of water per unit width.<br>These empirical equations are helpful to examine sediment transport in woody vegetated channels and design of adequate arrangement of streamside forests.

収録刊行物

  • 砂防学会誌

    砂防学会誌 51 (3), 35-43, 1998

    Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering

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