X-ray Analyses of the Ribosomal A-Site Molecular Switches

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  • KONDO Jiro
    Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Biologie Molé culaire et Cellulaire du CNRS

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Other Title
  • リボソームＡサイト分子スイッチのＸ線結晶解析
  • [日本結晶]学会賞受賞論文 リボソームAサイト分子スイッチのX線結晶解析
  • ニホン ケッショウ ガッカイショウ ジュショウ ロンブン リボソーム Aサイト ブンシ スイッチ ノ Xセン ケッショウ カイセキ

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Abstract

The aminoacyl-tRNA decoding site (A-site) on the small ribosomal subunit is an RNA molecular switch guaranteeing high translation fidelity. Due to the similarity of the secondary structure of the A-site, it has long been believed that the functional characteristics and tertiary structure of the A-site molecular switch are basically conserved in three main cell types, bacteria, mitochondria and eukaryotic cytoplasm. However, these three cell types are noticeably different in their biological properties such as life cycle, genome size, structural component of ribosome and number of tRNA species. In our structural studies, we have shown how a small difference of nucleotide sequences affects the dynamics of the A-site molecular switches underlying the decoding mechanism adapted to their biological properties and environments. The observed structural insights into the decoding process allowed us to understand molecular mechanisms of non-syndromic hearing loss and toxicity mechanism of aminoglycoside antibiotics.

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