Catanionic Mixtures Forming Gemini-like Amphiphiles

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  • Sakai Hideki
    Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Okabe Yuji
    Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Tsuchiya Koji
    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science
  • Sakai Kenichi
    Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Abe Masahiko
    Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science

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The properties of aqueous mixtures of cationic species with alkyl dicarboxylic acid compounds have been studied. The cationic compounds used in this study were tertiary amine-type N-methyl-N-(2,3-dioxypropyl)hexadecylamine (C16amine) and quaternary ammonium-type N,N-dimethyl-N-(2,3-dioxypropyl)hexadecylammonium chloride (C16Q). The alkyl dicarboxylic acid compounds used were HOOC(CH2)10COOH (C12H) and its sodium salt (C12Na). Three aqueous mixtures were examined in this study: (System I) C16amine + C12H, (System II) C16Q + C12Na, and (System III) C16Q + C12H. The solution pH was set at 12 for System III. The combination of 1H-NMR and mass spectroscopy data has suggested that a stoichiometric complex is formed in the aqueous solutions at a mole fraction of C12H (or C12Na) = 0.33. Here, the C12H (or C12Na) molecule added to the system bridges two cationic molecules, like a spacer of gemini surfactants. In fact, the static surface tensiometry has demonstrated that the stoichiometric complex behaves as gemini-like amphiphiles in aqueous solutions. Our current study offers a possible way for easily preparing gemini surfactant systems.

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