Stability and Variability of Chromosome Numbers in the Genus <i>Schoenoplectus</i> (Cyperaceae). I. <i>S. gemmifer</i>, <i>S. mucronatus</i> var. <i>mucronatus</i> and <i>S. triangulatus</i>

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  • Maeda Tetsuya
    Division of Natural Environmental Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University
  • Uchino Akinori
    Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Kumamoto University

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The chromosomes of the new species Schoenoplectus gemmifer and the allied S. mucronatus var. mucronatus and S. triangulatus were studied in culm-apex cells and root-tip cells. The mitotic metaphase chromosomes were small and dot-like. The chromosome number in culm-apex cells was stable and was observed to be 2n=74 in S. gemmifer, 2n=38 in S. mucronatus, and 2n=42 in S. triangulatus, respectively. Thus, it was confirmed that the new species S. gemmifer was cytologically different from both S. mucronatus and S. triangulatus. Inter- and intra-individual variations in chromosome number, mixoploidy and aneuploidy, were found in the root-tip cells of the three species. Chromosome number (2n) varied from 68 to 74 in S. gemmifer, 2n=32 to 39 in S. mucronatus and 2n=37 to 44 in S. triangulatus, respectively. This phenomenon is very rare and this is the first report in the genus Schoenoplectus.

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