RAPD and Cytogenetic Study of Some Tetraploid Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) Cultivars and Their Hybrids

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Cytogenetic and RAPD markers variations were studied in 10 tetraploid cotton cultivars. ANOVA test revealed significant differences in cytogenetic characteristics including chiasma frequency and distribution as well as chromosome pairing among the studied genotypes, indicating their genomic differences. Quadrivalents were formed in all the cultivars except 1, while post pachytene diffuse stage, chromosome stickiness and laggards occurred almost in all the cultivars studied. Twenty-seven RAPD primers out of 30 could produce bands. In total 362 bands were obtained in which 69 were polymorphic (19.00%) and 293 bands were monomorph (81.00%). The cultivar No. 200 possessed the highest number of bands while No. 228 and Gukurova possessed the lowest number. Among the RAPD bands produced, 8 were specific in the cultivar No. 200 and 3 in the cultivar V. Sahel X 4-S-4, indicating the use of RAPD markers in cotton cultivars discrimination. Grouping of the cultivars based on cytogenetic and molecular markers were partly in agreement. A combination of morphological, cytogenetic and RAPD molecular markers may be of grate use in planning the cotton hybridization and breeding programs.

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