Genome Size of the Ultrasmall Unicellular Freshwater Green Alga, <i>Medakamo hakoo</i> 311, as Determined by Staining with 4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole after Microwave Oven Treatments: II. Comparison with <i>Cyanidioschyzon merolae</i>, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (<i>n</i>, 2<i>n</i>), and <i>Chlorella variabilis</i>

DOI Web Site 7 Citations 17 References
  • Kuroiwa Tsuneyoshi
    Department of Chemical and Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Japan Women’s University Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency
  • Ohnuma Mio
    Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency Institute of Technology, Hiroshima College
  • Imoto Yuuta
    Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University
  • Misumi Osami
    Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency Department of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University
  • Nagata Noriko
    Department of Chemical and Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Japan Women’s University
  • Miyakawa Isamu
    Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, 
Yamaguchi University
  • Fujishima Masahiro
    Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, 
Yamaguchi University
  • Yagisawa Fumi
    Instrumental Research Center, University of the Ryukyus
  • Kuroiwa Haruko
    Department of Chemical and Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Japan Women’s University Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency

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Other Title
  • Genome Size of the Ultrasmall Unicellular Freshwater Green Alga, Medakamo hakoo 311, as Determined by Staining with 4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole after Microwave Oven Treatments: II. Comparison with Cyanidioschyzon merolae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (n, 2n), and Chlorella variabilis

Abstract

Eukaryotic cells contain three types of nuclei: the cell nucleus, the mitochondrial nuclei (nucleoids), and plastid nuclei (nucleoids). Here, we report that the chlorophyte strain Medakamo hakoo 311 has the smallest cell nucleus genome among the free-living eukaryotes analyzed to date. The size of the nuclear genome was analyzed by staining with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), followed by fluorimetry using a video-intensified microscope photon-counting system (VIMPCS) and fluorescence microscopy. The exact genome size of M. hakoo remains elusive because of the low permeability of the thick algal cell wall to DAPI. To improve the DAPI staining method for M. hakoo, we added a microwave oven heating step. We examined the genome sizes of M. hakoo, Cyanidioschyzon merolae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (n, 2n), and Chlorella variabilis 1 N by DAPI staining, which included a microwave oven heating step, followed by fluorimetry with the VIMPCS. The new method of DAPI staining that included a microwave oven heating step improved the staining efficiency of C. variabilis and M. hakoo nuclei, and slightly improved the staining efficiency of S. cerevisiae and C. merolae nuclei. Using well-stained samples and the cell nucleus genome size of C. merolae (16.5 Mb) as the standard, the cell nucleus genome sizes of M. hakoo, S. cerevisiae (n), and C. variabilis were determined as 9.2, 20.2, and 35.9 Mb, respectively. The results are consistent with previous reports that M. hakoo cell has the smallest genome among the free-living eukaryotes evaluated to date.

Journal

  • CYTOLOGIA

    CYTOLOGIA 81 (1), 69-76, 2016

    Japan Mendel Society, International Society of Cytology

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