Etching Effects of Ultraviolet Irradiation on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

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Abstract

The relationship between the activation energy, crystallinity, and morphology of UV-irradiated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was systematically investigated. Using total UV energy as an index, MWCNTs were irradiated with ultraviolet light at 254 nm and 185 nm. The activation energy of the MWCNTs was 320 kJ/mol prior to irradiation and 154 kJ/mol after irradiation with 16174 J/cm2 of total UV energy. In addition, the value of the IG/ID ratio for the MWCNTs was 7.12 prior to irradiation and 3.63 after irradiation with 16174 J/cm2 of total UV energy. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations showed that the outer layers of the MWCNTs were increasingly etched away and the linearity of the graphite layer was lost as the total UV energy increased. In addition, when the total UV energy exceeded 10856 J/cm2, the hollow structure of the MWCNTs was completely lost. It was therefore found that, as the energy of the incident ultraviolet light increases, the activation energy of MWCNTs decreases, the crystallinity deteriorates, and the morphology changes. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the level of total UV energy exposure can be used as an indicator of the morphology, activation energy, and crystallinity of UV-irradiated MWCNTs.

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