The chemistry of substituted norbornenes. Reactions of 5-vinyl-2-norbornene and 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene with formic acid.

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Addition of formic acid to 5-vinyl-2-norbornene(1) and subsequent hydrolysis afford 6-vinyl-exo-2-norbornanol(5) and 5-vinyl-exo-2-norbornanol(6). Similarly, from 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene(2) are formed 6-ethylidene-exo-2-norbornanol(14), 5-ethylidene-exo-2-norbornanol(15), and 6-ethyltricyclo[2.2.1.02,6]heptan-3-ol(16). The hydroboration of 2 also leads to the formation of 14 and 15. Thus, the vinyl- and ethylidene-exo-norbornanols, 5, 6, 14, and 15, and the corresponding endo-norbornanols, 9, 10, 21, and 22, have been synthesized. A structural analysis of these products by 13C NMR revealed that under certain conditions, the ethylidene group of 2 exerts a great influence upon the reactivity of the norbornenyl ring double bond. Moreover, the fact that 16 derived from the addition of formic acid to 2 consists of both exo- and endo-hydroxy epimers is inconsistent with the previous observations that the exo-isomer is generally the sole product in related systems.

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