Deuterium Nuclear Reaction Process within Solid.

In a series of studies, a significantly large amount of helium (⁴₂He/D₂_??_(1-0.2)×10^-2 and ⁴₂He/³₂He_??_4, D₂:“fuel”helium:“ash”) was clearly detected with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) as the deuterium nuclear reaction product (“ash”) released from the highly deuterated palladium host-solid (Pd-black distributed 0.02-0.06 [μ]: average 0.04 [μ]) that had produced large amounts of anomalous excess energy (200-500 [MJ/cm³]) through long period such as 5000 [hrs], when it was heated in a high vacuum (_??_10^-8 [torr]), high temperature (_??_1000 [°C]). On the other hand, a simultaneous measurement by another QMS catched a signal of the existence of ³₂He, while it is considerably less existence than ⁴₂He. In comparable measurements from non-deuterated samples, any helium and deuterium were not detected. This means that there exist no well-known Rutherford type as a main reaction of the deuterium nuclear reaction within Pd host-solid, and an inherent feature of solid-state with much valency electron cloud such as Pd presents a circumstance for a new type of deuterium nuclear fusion reaction which directly produces ⁴₂He as main reaction product. Because the helium (⁴₂He, ³₂He) was observed only after each sample had been heated in a high vacuum, in each case, the laws of physics require that this helium could not have diffused from any outside source other than the Pd metal sample. Also because helium was observed only after the sample was heated to a relatively high temperature, in each case, it must have been trapped within an interior location of the sample. Because there is no known process that can account for the diffusion of the large amounts of helium into the interior locations of the various samples at the levels that were measured, the only possible explanation for the helium being trapped in this fashion is that it was trapped within each sample after it was first produced as the nuclear ash from an electrolytically induced (Cold Fusion) deuterium nuclear reaction. To understand these results, the authors have constructed a theory, based upon a coherent process that is believed to be induced in highly deuterated Pd black crystals. In this theory, it is postulated that Cold Fusion is initiated through the formation of a Strongly Coupled Plasma (“SC-Plasma”), reminiscient of the SC-plasma's that are found within stellar interiors. This postulate is consistent with the assumption that a deuterium nuclear reaction is initiated in a localized zone within a host solid, and it is indispensable that the deuterium be transformed coherently for at least a few picoseconds into a SC-plasma, which the authors refer to as a deuterium “coherent plasma” within the solid-state. It is also postulated that this “coherent solid-state plasma fusion” is initiated through a violent, localized vibration of the lattice, which the authors refer to as a “Latticequake”. This “Latticequake” is essentially accompanied with both of an intense electromagnetic turbulence and violently shaking electron cloud under a many body effect in coherent-state.