Orbital Angular Momentum of Iron Valence Band Electron Deduced by Photoelectron Stereography

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Two-dimensional angular distribution patterns of Fe 3p and 3d photoelectrons from an Fe(111) surface were measured using circularly polarized soft X-ray at SPring-8. The circular dichroism of rotational shift in forward focusing peaks (FFPs) around the incident-light axis was observed. Shifts of the FFPs in the [111], {110}, and {100} directions were inversely proportional to the distances between the emitter and neighboring atoms in the corresponding directions. These shifts correspond to the parallax in the stereograph of the atomic arrangements. We found that the orbital angular momentum of a valence band can be deduced precisely from the ratio of forward focusing peak shifts between 3p and 3d. The orbital angular momenta of 3d valence electrons are found to be almost equally distributed from −2 to 2.

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