Liquid–Solid Transition and Phase Diagram of <SUP>4</SUP>He Confined in Nanoporous Glass

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  • Liquid-solid transition and phase diagram of 4He confined in nanoporous glass

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We have studied the liquid–solid (L–S) phase transition of 4He confined in nanoporous Gelsil glass that has interconnected nanopores of 2.5-nm diameter. The L–S boundary is determined by a series of measurements of pressure versus temperature along isochores and the rate of temperature change during slow cooling and warming in a semi-adiabatic condition. Below 1 K, the freezing pressure is elevated by 1.2 MPa from the bulk freezing pressure, and appears to be independent of temperature. The T-independent freezing pressure strongly suggests the existence of the localized Bose–Einstein condensation state.

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