The effect of seed size variation and wind speed variation on dispersal efficiency in Japanese wing nut (Pterocarya rhoifolia)

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  • Ochi Haruko
    Graduated School of Agriculture, Yamagata University:(Present office)Yamagata government shonai subprefecture
  • Koyama Hiromasa
    Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University
  • Takahashi Norio
    Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University

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Other Title
  • サワグルミ(Pterocarya rhoifolia)の種子サイズと風速のばらつきが散布距離に与える影響
  • サワグルミ Pterocarya rhoifolia ノ シュシ サイズ ト フウソク ノ バラツキ ガ サンプ キョリ ニ アタエル エイキョウ

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Japanase wing nut (Pterocarya rhoifolia) produces wind dispersed seeds. In this study, we examined the effect of seed size variation on dispersal behavior under the field condition. Weight of each seed was positively correlated with square root of wing loading which was also positively correlated with its terminal velocity. Consequently small seeds seem to have advantageous dispersability. We conducted simulating experiment to test whether small seeds can be dispersed longer distance than large seeds. In the simulation, wind speed variation actually measured in the field condition was also incorporated. The mean sizes of seeds did not vary irrespective of dispersal distance with more than one seed per m^2. This result was almost identical to the result which was obtained by actual measurement of dispersal distance of seeds under the field condition. Since the effect of wind speed variation on dispersal distance was larger than seed size variation, the potential variation in dispersal efficiency of seeds was not reflected in the actual dispersal patterns in the field. Thus, the adaptive significance of seed size variation may exist in establishment stage, not in seed dispersal stage.

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