Distribution pattern of mangrove species and estimated submergence time in Ulugan Bay, Palawan Island, the Republic of Philippine

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  • Toyoda Takaki
    The United School of Agriculture Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology:Japan Overseas Forestry Consultants Association
  • Miyazaki Nobumitsu
    Japan Overseas Forestry Consultants Association
  • Kato Kazuhisa
    Japan Overseas Forestry Consultants Association
  • Tomiya Hiroki
    Japan Forest Technology Association

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Other Title
  • フィリピンパラワン島ウルガン湾におけるマングローブの帯状分布と滞水時間
  • フィリピンパラワントウ ウルガンワン ニ オケル マングローブ ノ タイジョウ ブンプ ト タイスイ ジカン

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Abstract

Submergence time of sea or brackish water is one of important factor for forming a distribution pattern of mangrove species. A test for clarifying the relationship between submergence time and distribution pattern of mangrove species was carried out in the Ulugan Bay, Palawan Island, the Republic of Philippine. There are remaining well mangrove forest stands, which are less impacted by human activities. Three belt transect surveys for distribution pattern of mangrove species and ground level surveys were conducted. Distribution of mangrove species from coastal side to inland side is Rhizophora mucronata (Rm)<Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Bg)=Rhizophora apicurata (Ra)=Xylocarpus granatum (Xg)<Aegiceras floridum (Af)=Bruguiera sexangula (Bs)=Heritiera Littoralis (Hl), which was determined by distribution range of each mangrove species based on relationship between horizontal distance and ground heights. To estimate the submergence time on each tree alog the transect lines (UL3), the highest water level from ground height was measured. Then, the submergence time of appeared mangrove species was calculated from the highest water level and daily tidal change. As a result, all mangroves, except for the Rm that distributed at the most coastal side and submerged throughout the day when neap tide, are situated on the places where the ground surfaces exposed above the water level even for a short time. Besides, some stands of Bs and Hl, which distributed at the most inland side are not submerged even in spring tide in June ; thus, the study revealed the range and the marginal time of submergence in each mangrove species.

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