Contractile Properties of Organ-cultured Intestinal Smooth Muscle

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  • RIKIMARU AKIRA
    Department of Applied Physiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine

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The contractile properties of the smooth muscle of guinea-pig taenia coli in organ culture were investigated in relation to the histochemical observation on its innervation. The smooth muscle preparations were cultured in the medium rich in horse serum and chick embryo extract. They preserved responsiveness to nicotine and transmural stimulation at low frequencies for more than three weeks. On the other hand, those cultured in the medium contained only lower concentration of horse serum and deficient in chick embryo extract lost such responsiveness after two to three weeks of incubation. It is evident from these data that the latter condition of culture would be adequate for the experiment in which the smooth muscle is maintained but the nerve element have to be eliminated. In this condition, the preparations on the 4th day of culture failed to produce a relaxation by transmural stimulation at high frequencies, though it was produced at low frequencies and by nicotine. The fluorescence of catecholamines disappeared at the same stage of culture, but no supersensitivity to noradrenaline and acetylcholine was observed. Histofluorometric observation of the taenia before culture revealed the presence of intensely fluorescent nerve fibers scattered in the muscular layers and around the nonfluorescent ganglion cells in Auerbach's plexus. Neither fluorescent ganglion cells nor characteristic fluorescence of 5-HT could be observed in Auerbach's plexus. These results strongly confirmed the presence of non-adrenergic inhibitory neurons within the taenia. Histofluorometric data ruled out the possibilities of participation of dopamine and 5-HT in this inhibitory mechanism. The transmitter of the intramural inhibitory neurons did not show any fluorescence by the treatment with formaldehyde vapor.

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